Chapter 2 Pre-analysis

Prior to constructing pharmacological networks, a preliminary literature survey and target-level screening are often necessary to define the research scope. TCMDATA offers two utilities for this purpose: get_pubmed_data() for mining PubMed literature, and herb_enricher() for identifying candidate herbs through over-representation analysis.


2.1 PubMed literature mining

get_pubmed_data() queries the NCBI PubMed database via E-utilities[1] and retrieves publications matching a given TCM–disease keyword pair within a specified time frame. The function returns an S3 object of class tcm_pubmed, containing the literature records, annual publication counts, and the query string.

A valid email address is required by NCBI for API access.

library(TCMDATA)

result <- get_pubmed_data(
  tcm_name     = "Artemisinin",
  disease_name = "Malaria",
  year_range   = c(2020, 2025),
  retmax       = 2000,
  email        = "your_email@example.com"
)

If year_range is not specified, the function defaults to the most recent 10 years. The retmax argument controls the maximum number of records retrieved; setting retmax = "all" fetches all matching records, which is recommended when accurate annual trend statistics are needed.

2.1.1 Visualization

The plot() method provides two chart types. type = "trend" produces an annual publication count line chart, while type = "journal" shows a bar chart of the top N journals ranked by article count.

library(aplot)
p_trend   <- plot(result, type = "trend")
p_journal <- plot(result, type = "journal", N = 10)

plot_list(p_trend, p_journal, ncol = 1)

2.1.2 Exporting results

get_pubmed_table() extracts the literature records sorted by publication year in descending order. An optional file argument writes the table directly to a CSV file.

lit_table <- get_pubmed_table(result, n = 20, file = "pubmed_results.csv")
head(lit_table)
      PMID                                              Title Year                   Journal
1 41625564 Plasmodium vivax elimination from India may need t 2026              IJID regions
2 41531728 HMOX1 drives dihydroartemisinin-sensitized ferropt 2026                  iScience
3 41476774 Heme as activator and target for artemisinin: Towa 2026 Biochemistry and biophysi...
4 41453501 Recrudescence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria imp 2026 Travel medicine and infec...
5 41447926 Three new single nucleotide polymorphisms identifi 2026 Diagnostic microbiology a...
6 41416883 Highlights of Medicinal Chemistry Optimization Str 2026 Journal of medicinal chem...

2.2 Herb enrichment analysis

A central question in TCM network pharmacology is which herbs possess targets that significantly overlap with a given disease gene set. herb_enricher() addresses this through Over-Representation Analysis (ORA), using the herb–target relationships curated in TCMDATA as the annotation background. Internally, it wraps clusterProfiler::enricher()[2].

The logic is analogous to conventional GO or KEGG enrichment: each herb defines a gene set composed of its known targets, and a Fisher’s exact test evaluates whether the overlap between the query genes and each herb’s targets exceeds what is expected by chance.

2.2.1 Example: Diabetic Nephropathy

TCMDATA includes dn_gcds, a character vector of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN)-associated genes sourced from GeneCards. We use these as the query gene set to identify enriched herbs.

library(TCMDATA)
library(enrichplot)

data("dn_gcds")
head(dn_gcds)
#> [1] "INS"    "ACE"    "GCK"    "HNF1A"  "HNF1B"  "KCNJ11"

Then, we can perform ORA analysis using herb_enricher():

enrich_res <- herb_enricher(genes = dn_gcds, type = "Herb_pinyin_name")
head(enrich_res)
#>                      ID Description GeneRatio    BgRatio RichFactor
#> fengfang       fengfang    fengfang 1114/3776 2667/15716  0.4176978
#> lingzhi         lingzhi     lingzhi  426/3776  773/15716  0.5510996
#> fuling           fuling      fuling  320/3776  520/15716  0.6153846
#> yunzhi           yunzhi      yunzhi  366/3776  639/15716  0.5727700
#> dilong           dilong      dilong  586/3776 1264/15716  0.4636076
#> luohuazizhu luohuazizhu luohuazizhu 1353/3776 3855/15716  0.3509728
#>             FoldEnrichment   zScore        pvalue      p.adjust        qvalue
#> fengfang          1.738490 23.53632 1.287723e-111 5.344050e-109 2.168796e-110
#> lingzhi           2.293719 20.74348  4.287274e-81  8.896094e-79  3.610336e-80
#> fuling            2.561278 20.36049  1.158568e-76  1.602685e-74  6.504239e-76
#> yunzhi            2.383912 20.08503  1.509187e-75  1.565781e-73  6.354470e-75
#> dilong            1.929570 19.38040  1.222479e-73  1.014658e-71  4.117825e-73
#> luohuazizhu       1.460775 18.51876  9.951616e-73  6.883201e-71  2.793436e-72
#>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      geneID
#> fengfang                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     INS/ACE/IL6/PPARG/HNF4A/COL4A1/NLRP3/TCF7L2/PDX1/INSR/TNF/TGFBR2/ALB/IRS1/SLC2A2/VEGFA/REN/AGT/PON1/XPNPEP3/LIPC/APOE/TGFB1/APOA1/AKR1B1/AKT2/LMNA/SLC2A4/SOD2/IRS2/MIR21/NOS3/CCL2/HFE/AGER/HLA-DQB1/LEP/CRP/APOB/KCNQ1/EPO/CP/HLA-DRB1/SERPINE1/TBC1D4/TTR/UCP2/IL1RN/IGF1/MME/PTPN1/IL1B/WRN/ZFP57/EIF2AK3/CBS/B2M/DPP4/PIK3R1/STAT3/ICAM1/IL10/GLA/SELP/CAT/ADRA2A/SLC2A1/FBN1/FABP2/SOD1/PRKAG2/AKT1/IL18/APOC3/SLC5A2/CCR5/TP53/STAT1/ITGAM/EDN1/OAS1/CCN2/SPINK1/PPARGC1A/VDR/MMP9/GLP1R/ABCA1/GAD1/GLUD1/LCN2/SELE/PPARA/VCAM1/FOXA2/HMOX1/IFNG/NPPB/SLC30A9/CXCL8/TGFB2/MUC1/IGF2/PCSK1/HGF/MTOR/TGFBR1/IFIH1/PRKCB/MIR155/IGF1R/SGK1/TLR4/LAMB2/SIRT1/GATA4/PTEN/ACE2/CDKN1C/NOS2/CFTR/IL4/CTNNB1/GGT1/HADH/IGFBP3/LDLR/IL2/HIF1A/APOA5/PIK3CA/FN1/TF/LPA/BDNF/MMP2/FGF2/DNMT1/SHBG/CAV1/ADRB2/GH1/GAPDH/UCP3/SMAD4/ESR1/LTA/GFPT1/SLC5A1/GPT/CXCL10/SLC16A1/ANLN/CD36/HMGCR/GSTM1/SCARB1/NFE2L2/SELL/COL3A1/IL17A/MIF/PTGS2/XDH/MPO/FGF21/CCL5/MEN1/ATM/GJA1/PARP1/FABP4/FABP1/CD40LG/GNAS/MAPK8/ACADS/ATF6/GSK3B/CYP11B2/EGFR/CYP3A4/MAPK1/BRAF/SOX2/IL1A/TNFRSF1A/CASP3/MIR122/FAS/FGA/NFKB1/F2/HAMP/OTC/GPX1/CAMK1D/MET/SREBF1/XBP1/G6PD/RAF1/MLXIPL/PLG/EGF/SERPINA1/GYS1/CYP27B1/HRAS/PRKAA2/ACACA/TKT/SCNN1B/TXNIP/CYP19A1/PDGFB/MAP2K1/TIMP1/PRSS1/NR3C1/TLR2/TERT/HLA-DPB1/GDF15/MAPK14/APOA4/PCK1/SOD3/ALDH2/ACACB/FOS/PTH/ANGPTL4/GC/PCK2/SOCS3/SOCS1/THBS1/APRT/NOX4/MTTP/BCL2/GSTT1/TFRC/TNFSF11/PTPN11/FGB/CDH1/ANGPTL3/HBB/FXN/ITGA2/TAP2/SMAD3/GPX3/CYP21A2/HSPA5/FFAR1/EDNRB/FASLG/CXCL12/PF4/COL2A1/F3/SLC22A2/SLC9A1/CD40/IL12B/JUN/TSC1/MMP3/MIR486-1/CD38/ADD1/SCNN1G/SI/IL15/SCNN1A/EP300/IL1R1/JAK1/CPT1A/SERPINA12/CNNM2/GSR/IGF2R/KRAS/AR/HMGB1/PKM/EDNRA/PPARD/PRKACA/FGFR3/CYP2D6/COMT/IL13/PRKAB1/PRKCA/CYP2E1/PBX1/FGFR1/APP/SRC/CD274/CASP1/PKLR/CREB1/NQO1/TFAM/CD8A/KDM6A/GLO1/PNLIP/MAPK10/HSPB1/TGIF1/SIRT3/PTPN2/NCOA1/SLC2A3/CDK4/MITF/NR0B2/CYP2C9/TIMP2/MAPK3/SLC4A4/NAGA/CSF1/NRAS/NF1/FOXO3/JAK2/CYCS/TNFRSF25/ACTB/APOM/RHOA/SCGB1A1/JAG1/CYP24A1/PRKAG3/PEX1/ERN1/DNM1L/PDK4/NFKBIA/OLR1/GSTP1/ABCG1/HSPA1A/ITGB1/IKBKB/RAC1/RPS6KB1/NR1H4/TRIB3/GFAP/SCT/TNFSF10/MMP14/ITGB2/SMAD2/TAC1/CPT2/CCL3/ERBB2/PSMB9/ITGB3/FTH1/HLA-G/DDIT3/SMAD7/CCND1/ESRRB/G6PC3/ESR2/PYGM/POU5F1/KCNE1/FABP3/PTPRC/SOAT1/PECAM1/TNC/ANPEP/MIR205/CCL11/CDKN1B/RELA/ILK/BCHE/PLAU/RHO/F8/GAS6/TXN/HSP90AA1/FASN/MTR/MMP1/KCNH2/TNNI3/PIK3C2A/HTR2A/BAX/PTX3/DNMT3A/PDE5A/F7/AKR1B10/TYMP/ACSL1/IFT27/NCF1/BCL11A/ITPR1/IRAK1/GAST/IL2RB/EPHX2/SNAI2/CREBBP/UBE2E2/CD44/CD14/ACHE/ALOX12/KITLG/RUNX1/HDAC9/S100A9/FGF3/TYR/FOXM1/ALOX5AP/BMAL1/GRB10/CASP8/TRPV1/CXCL9/NR1H3/GBA1/GUSB/NBR2/TRPV4/COL11A1/SIRT6/NDP/CXCR4/MYC/ALPL/ELANE/LYZ/ARG1/BRCA1/SDHA/DIABLO/MT2A/ADH1B/MMP8/CLPP/REPS1/HNF4G/PRKCD/CA2/ESRRA/FGFR2/CCL20/KIT/ADORA1/CASP9/ABCB1/PINK1/CYP1A2/SNCA/CX3CL1/MMP7/DUSP1/SULT1A3/RB1/PDGFRB/NTRK1/IL7R/PXDN/PLAUR/NR5A1/ITGA2B/CSF2/AQP5/PCNT/ALOX5/PLEK/MAP2K2/SLC37A4/PRKN/GRN/VCL/CYBB/COL18A1/CTSD/SOS1/NID1/PLCG1/NOX1/NTRK2/TCOF1/DUSP2/PEPD/SMARCA4/ABCG2/BAMBI/FFAR2/FURIN/PRSS2/AQP1/GP1BA/TCF4/ADAM10/DKK1/NPC1/EGR1/GALNT2/MYD88/NEU1/PCNA/PRDX1/CDKN1A/DGUOK/S100A4/CISD1/PJVK/IL5/BAZ1B/ATXN2/COX4I1/PIK3C3/NFAT5/AFP/PROM1/NDUFS1/VEGFC/MAPT/SLPI/IL12A/CHEK1/HBEGF/PMP22/SMAD1/GJB6/SPARC/RPS6KA3/TSHR/PTGS1/RUNX2/EZH2/PTK2B/IFNB1/STAT5B/FABP5/CDC42/DNMT3B/KCNMA1/DNAJB11/CYP2C19/ANXA2/PDPK1/UHRF1/TRAF6/PRKAB2/ATF4/GTF2I/DHFR/FOXA1/FH/FGF1/CXCL1/SYK/BDKRB1/GATA2/VIM/HDAC4/PRRC2A/COL1A1/CD86/APEX1/SNAI1/UBE3A/AKT3/MCAM/TLR3/OSM/AHR/CANX/CDK5/HMBS/TNFSF12/PTK2/CYP2C8/TBXAS1/SLC22A3/LAP3/GLUL/MMP12/NAT2/RXRA/WNT4/LIF/ADAM17/SERPINB2/ANXA1/LAMA4/TYK2/GCLC/HSP90B1/IDH1/CDK2/PGR/PPM1D/GCLM/SYNRG/FLT3/UCA1/CYP3A5/AQP3/HDAC6/GOSR2/ABL1/RECK/CYP1A1/IL6ST/GAA/CKB/IL33/COX10/SLC4A1/AIF1/PDSS1/WNT5A/EPAS1/SERPINA3/EIF4H/AGPAT1/CCL4/RARA/AGRN/YAP1/PDK1/ARSA/TNFRSF11A/MDM2/TBK1/MMP10/E2F1/CDH2/GFER/PNKP/NR1I2/ACAD9/HDAC3/TBX21/ITGB4/MAP3K5/CFL1/RECQL4/PUS1/SPI1/GLI3/RECQL/FYN/CYP1B1/STAT2/PSRC1/IDO1/NEXN/ELOVL4/HADHA/KLK1/HAS3/SEMA3A/SDHC/ASL/CDK6/EIF2S1/SQSTM1/GSS/CYP11B1/GLS/PITX2/SFTPD/XRCC3/BECN1/SHROOM3/PTH1R/FAH/PDHA1/SNAPIN/DHRS11/PKP2/TRPA1/TYMS/BAP1/SIRT7/LAMB1/APAF1/GM2A/ATR/HCP5/GRB2/NEDD4L/RDH12/DRD3/ITGA4/UCHL1/BID/MCL1/FECH/ABCC1/VRK1/SMAD6/SMARCA2/EZR/ACSL4/VNN1/HSD3B2/CCNB1/CHUK/PSEN2/F2R/PDE11A/FOSL1/GADD45A/F10/SOX4/NDUFA5/HOTAIRM1/ISG15/ADNP/TRIT1/PTPN6/HDAC2/BIRC5/PRKDC/SLC34A3/BCL2L11/TARDBP/CCN1/TP63/IL1RL1/ST6GALNAC2/GP6/HSP90AB1/ALPI/FOLR1/CCNA2/UQCRC2/UBE3C/HTT/XIAP/LTC4S/PFN1/DRD1/GBA2/TNFRSF10D/PFKFB3/CASP7/JPH2/DDAH1/TNFRSF10B/DIO3/STAT6/VEGFD/MCTP2/SESN2/PPBP/IRX3/SUCLG2/GSK3A/CCR3/TUBA1A/CEBPB/TGFBR3/BAK1/BAD/BCL2L1/ASTN2/CFLAR/ATF3/HYLS1/LYN/ZFYVE19/P3H2/ARHGDIA/P2RX4/CDK1/PRMT1/GSTA1/LCK/SPTAN1/DCC/NR1I3/AREG/IRF1/PYCARD/WEE1/TRA/SKP2/ATG5/PLK1/ENO1/PEG3/ARG2/NDST2/SLC2A12/NCOA3/MMAA/EIF4EBP1/SUCNR1/HNRNPU/RGS1/PXN/SCD5/ARL3/CCR7/FBP2/NR0B1/SLC2A5/ZFP36/ROCK2/ALOX12B/SLC22A11/PLA2G1B/TRAF3/PLA2G4A/AZGP1/THPO/PIKFYVE/ABCC2/AURKA/SMURF2/RPTOR/PPIG/ALPK1/CCND3/DNAJB1/ASCL2/FBN2/SLC22A6/KIF3A/ZEB1-AS1/PHB2/ELMO2/BIRC3/NANOG/ASXL1/EHMT2/MRRF/MBD2/CSNK2B/BACE1/SMN1/YWHAZ/CCNE1/HDAC1/POLI/SMN2/CSF1R/BCL2A1/PREP/FGG/RPS27A/MFN1/CA4/BCR/ITGA5/DYNC1H1/ELK1/MICB/TNFRSF9/PLD1/SETD7/TMSB4X/TRIM21/DDIT4/MX1/MKI67/BRD4/CYP2B6/ESRRG/ICAM3/P4HA2/COL7A1/SIRT4/VLDLR/RIPK1/MAPK9/COBLL1/CD74/EEF1A1/VAV1/SKP1/ACAA1/BIRC2/STK25/ODC1/PDCD4/CDK7/CSPP1/NPR1/UBE2D2/TXNRD1/MAFF/CDCA7/LINC00472/NCOR1/H2AX/SLC13A3/PTGIR/TEX14/VAV3/PIP4K2B/ACTA2/DSG1/PCSK6/CDKN2C/TOP2A/RBX1/RACGAP1/MAGI1/YWHAE/PPP3CA/PTGER2/SLC22A7/SEPTIN9/HDAC5/NCOA2/TFE3/DAPK3/PIM1/SFRP1/VASN/SORT1/BBC3/THRA/CALB2/IL2RG/HSD17B1/SLC22A8/LAMP3/ABCB6/CSNK1A1/GUCA1A/HAS1/SOX11/PPIF/ABCA12/NFKB2/FCER1A/SLC25A10/SCNN1D/CAMKK2/B4GALT1/RASA1/DUSP5/PMAIP1/RIPK3/HSF1/RELN/CYP2A6/TNFRSF12A/GPRC5A/GBP2/FUT4/COL5A2/CYP4A11/L3MBTL1/EPB41L3/LGALSL/PABPC1/INPP4B/CES1/DAO/UNC5B/AGFG1/NCF2/IFIT1/MAP3K7/MRTFA/VCAN/ARF6/SDC4/UBE4A/FIS1/GATD3/GLMP/DOT1L/ERF/CES2/FGF18/UNG/SLC20A1/PI4KB/PRSS8/SFN/UTRN/CSF2RB/PRDM1/NIPSNAP2/TUBB/PSMB10/SCAF1/BTG2/MPL/SIRT5/BACH1/SATB2/ELMOD1/ADAMTS1/CTTN/ANXA3/SLC5A6/CH25H/UGCG/TSLP/MXRA5/TP53RK/ASPM/IL36G/DZIP1/GLS2/RB1CC1/CDK9/HUWE1/CCNG1/HDAC11/GPER1/HMMR/P4HA1/RCC1/TNS1/ID1/CDK3/CYGB/WNT3/FZD7/AP2B1/CA3/TBC1D5/PIK3IP1/CFAP44/TPRG1/SUSD6/SASS6/FOSB/HMGB2/DOK7/KCNMB2/SDR9C7/RAB3B/SLC7A11/MTDH/GNAI3/ACTR3/NEU2/PSMB5/AKAP13/KDM4D/SPINK4/LGR4/ALOXE3/GZMA/PVR/ITSN1/A4GALT/HCLS1/CHIA/CMKLR2/HNRNPDL/EXOSC3/TMEM45B/H1-5/GADD45B/FDPS/PAFAH1B2/IBTK/CCDC163/EDC3/PABPC4L/PSIP1/SH3KBP1/PIM2/TUBB2A/MAPK6/DERL1/H1-4/PAK2/RRP1B/CHMP1A/CRABP2/PPP2CA/NUP153/PAFAH1B3/DNAJB9/CKS1B/LALBA/DBNL/SLC13A2/PIP4K2A/VAMP1/SULT1A1/TFPT/MKNK1/EFHD2
#> lingzhi                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              ACE/IL6/PPARG/INSR/TNF/ALB/VEGFA/PON1/APOE/AKR1B1/AKT2/LMNA/SLC2A4/MIR21/CCL2/LEP/CRP/TTR/IGF1/PTPN1/IL1B/DPP4/STAT3/ICAM1/IL10/SELP/CAT/ADRA2A/SLC29A3/SLC2A1/FTO/SOD1/PRKAG2/AIRE/AKT1/TP53/NPPA/ITGAM/EDN1/PPARGC1A/VDR/MMP9/GLP1R/SELE/PPARA/VCAM1/HMOX1/IFNG/CXCL8/HGF/PRKCB/IGF1R/SGK1/TLR4/LAMB2/PTEN/NOS2/CFTR/IL4/GGT1/PCSK9/LDLR/HIF1A/PIK3CA/PIK3CG/FN1/CACNA1C/MMP2/DNMT1/SHBG/ADRB2/GAPDH/UCP3/ESR1/GPT/SLC16A1/HMGCR/NFE2L2/SELL/IL17A/PTGS2/XDH/AGTR2/MPO/CCL5/MEN1/ATM/HSD11B2/PARP1/MAPK8/GSK3B/EGFR/CYP3A4/MAPK1/BRAF/PRL/IL1A/CASP3/NFKB1/F2/CAMK1D/MET/ACP1/SREBF1/RAF1/PRKAA2/ACACA/CYP19A1/MAP2K1/PRSS1/NR3C1/TLR2/GDF15/MAPK14/ALDH2/ACACB/FOS/NR1H2/APRT/NOX4/CNR1/HSD11B1/BCL2/GSTT1/HBB/SMAD3/HSPA5/FFAR1/FASLG/PIK3CD/ADCY5/JUN/MGAM/MMP3/SLC22A1/EP300/JAK1/TRIM32/AR/PKM/PPARD/PRKACA/CYP2D6/COMT/PRKAB1/PRKCA/CYP2E1/FGFR1/APP/SRC/CASP1/PKLR/NQO1/TFAM/ADCY1/GLO1/PNLIP/HSPB1/CDK4/ADRB1/CYP2C9/MAPK3/CSF1/CYCS/APOM/SCGB1A1/REG1A/PRKAG3/ERN1/NFKBIA/GSTP1/DRD2/IKBKB/NR1H4/ADA/SMAD2/CPT2/ERBB2/MB/DDIT3/CCND1/ESRRB/ESR2/POU5F1/RELA/BCHE/RHO/HSP90AA1/FASN/MTR/MMP1/KCNH2/PIK3C2A/HTR2A/BAX/CCKAR/DNMT3A/AKR1B10/PTGDS/TYMP/NCF1/IRAK1/HSPA8/ERBB4/CD44/CD14/ACHE/ALOX12/RUNX1/HDAC9/TYR/CASP8/TRPV1/NR1H3/GBA1/GUSB/MYC/ARG1/BRCA1/DIABLO/MT2A/MMP8/HNF4G/PRKCD/CA2/ESRRA/FDXR/ADORA1/CASP9/ABCB1/CYP1A2/SNCA/MAN2B1/PDGFRB/GCH1/CSF2/ALOX5/MAP2K2/CTSD/ABCG2/ADAM10/NPC1/NEU1/CDKN1A/DGUOK/CISD1/IL5/ATXN2/MAPT/CHEK1/CNR2/PMP22/PRKACB/RPS6KA3/TSHR/PTGS1/KCNMA1/CYP2C19/MVK/PDPK1/TRAF6/PRKAB2/SYK/APEX1/AKT3/AHR/CDK5/PTK2/CYP2C8/TBXAS1/RXRA/ADAM17/SMPD1/GCLC/HSP90B1/IDH1/CDK2/PGR/PPM1D/DUSP14/FLT3/HDAC6/ABL1/KIF7/CYP1A1/GAA/DHCR7/RARA/PDK1/ARSA/E2F1/GFER/NR1I2/PI4KA/MAP3K5/MSH6/ROCK1/GLI3/FYN/PNP/CYP1B1/STAT2/JAK3/CDK6/PGK1/PTH1R/FAH/DHRS11/TYMS/SDC1/FUCA1/DRD3/UCHL1/ABCC1/VRK1/CCNB1/CHUK/MRM2/TARDBP/TP63/ALPI/HTT/XIAP/DRD1/GBA2/TNFRSF10B/STAT6/MCM10/GSK3A/BCL2L1/CFLAR/CDK1/GSTA1/LCK/NR1I3/IMPDH1/PYCARD/PLK1/ENO1/ARG2/NCOA3/SCD5/FBP2/THPO/ABCC2/AURKA/ADK/SLC22A6/BIRC3/EHMT2/CSNK2B/BACE1/SMN1/YWHAZ/POLI/SMN2/BCL2A1/PREP/MFN1/CA4/CTSG/SETD7/DDIT4/AK1/P4HA2/RIPK1/MAPK9/PUS3/BIRC2/ODC1/PDCD4/TXNRD1/CAMK1/CRBN/H2AX/ACTA2/CDKN2C/TOP2A/RACGAP1/NCOA2/ZFP36L1/DAPK3/TRIAP1/PIM1/BBC3/HSD17B1/AOX1/ADORA2B/NFKB2/CAMKK2/DUOX2/L3MBTL1/MAP3K7/HTR6/DOT1L/ZNF200/JCHAIN/PI4KB/SFN/UTRN/FZD1/BTG2/TFF3/TSLP/GLS2/ORAI3/P4HA1/CA3/TIGAR/NEU2/PI4K2B/PSMB5/KDM4D/SPINK4/GADD45B/FDPS/MPZL1/PIM2/TNFSF9/MAPK6/PAK2/RIPK2/PAFAH1B3/LALBA/PIP4K2A/SULT1A1
#> fuling                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     IL6/PPARG/HNF4A/TNF/ALB/VEGFA/AGT/TGFB1/AKR1B1/AKT2/LMNA/NOS3/CCL2/SERPINE1/NPHS2/UCP2/IGF1/IL1B/STAT3/ICAM1/CAT/ADRA2A/AKT1/SUMO4/IL18/CDKN2A/CST3/TP53/EDN1/PPARGC1A/MMP9/GLUD1/PPARA/VCAM1/HMOX1/IFNG/CXCL8/MTOR/IGF1R/SGK1/TLR4/NOS2/CFTR/HIF1A/PIK3CA/PIK3CG/BDNF/MMP2/ADRB2/GAPDH/ESR1/CD36/NFE2L2/COL3A1/PTGS2/XDH/MPO/ATM/PLA2G7/PARP1/FABP4/FABP1/MAPK8/GSK3B/EGFR/CYP3A4/MAPK1/BRAF/TNFRSF1A/CASP3/FAS/NFKB1/ANGPT2/KNG1/ACP1/RAF1/EGF/HRAS/CYP19A1/MAP2K1/TIMP1/TIMP3/NGF/TERT/GDF15/MAPK14/ACACB/FOS/SOCS3/APRT/CALCA/BCL2/CDH1/FXN/SMAD3/HSPA5/FFAR1/PIK3CD/SLC22A2/CD40/IL12B/JUN/MMP3/SLC22A1/MGP/JAK1/CPT1A/TRIM32/AR/PPARD/CYP2D6/AIFM1/PRKAB1/PRKCA/CYP2E1/SRC/APOC1/CASP1/NQO1/ADCY1/PNLIP/HSPB1/NOS1/CEBPA/NR0B2/ADRB1/CYP2C9/MAPK3/TNFRSF25/ERN1/NFKBIA/GSTP1/DRD2/PLA2G2A/ANGPT1/NOD2/IKBKB/RPS6KB1/GFAP/TNFSF10/MMP14/SMAD2/TAC1/CPT2/CCL3/ERBB2/DDIT3/TNFRSF10A/CCND1/ESR2/BDKRB2/CDKN1B/RELA/BCHE/PLAU/MMP1/HTR2A/BAX/CCKAR/IL2RB/ERBB4/ACHE/TYR/TEK/CASP8/TRPV1/CD163/MYC/SP1/MMP8/PRKCD/CX3CR1/ESRRA/FDXR/CASP9/ABCB1/CYP1A2/MMP7/DUSP1/COX5A/NTRK1/PLAUR/GCH1/ALOX5/CSF3/COL18A1/BAG3/ABCG2/NPC1/PCNA/CDKN1A/S100A4/CHEK1/RPS6KA3/TSHR/PTGS1/FABP5/NT5E/CYP2C19/ATF4/FOXA1/SYK/VIM/CD86/APEX1/SNAI1/LTF/AKT3/PTK2/TBXAS1/SLC22A3/LGALS1/GLUL/RXRA/LIF/HSP90B1/CDK2/CHKB/PGR/PPM1D/DUSP14/ABL1/DBH/RNASEH2A/PDK1/MDM2/CHAT/E2F1/NR1I2/YARS2/EPOR/MAP3K5/CFL1/MSH6/ROCK1/FYN/KLK3/GBE1/JAK3/EIF2S1/RXRB/TRPA1/APAF1/GM2A/SDC1/DRD3/BID/MCL1/CCNB1/F2RL1/GADD45A/CHKA/MRM2/BIRC5/PRKDC/TARDBP/HSP90AB1/CCNA2/HTT/DRD1/SLC7A7/CASP7/TNFRSF10B/MCM10/CEBPB/BAK1/BAD/BCL2L1/CFLAR/ATF3/CDK1/LCK/SPTAN1/NR1I3/ATG5/NR0B1/SLC22A11/TRAF3/PLA2G4A/AURKA/PRDX6/SLC22A6/PHB2/EHMT2/CSNK2B/PLD1/MYOM2/DDIT4/VLDLR/MAPK9/PUS3/TWIST1/BIRC2/H2AX/ACTA2/KIF23/TOP2A/ZFP36L1/TRIAP1/PIM1/SFRP1/EIF2A/SLC22A8/CYP4A11/MAP3K7/HTR6/ZNF200/FZD1/BTG2/TFF3/ORAI3/TIGAR/GZMA/SLC44A3/PAFAH1B2/MPZL1/TNFSF9/PAK2/RIPK2/C8G
#> yunzhi                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ACE/IL6/PPARG/HNF4A/COL4A1/NLRP3/INSR/TNF/ALB/VEGFA/ADIPOQ/AGT/RETN/PON1/TGFB1/APOA1/AKR1B1/AKT2/LMNA/NOS3/CCL2/MTHFR/GCG/LEP/CRP/APOB/SERPINE1/TTR/PTPN1/IL1B/PLAGL1/DPP4/STAT3/ICAM1/IL10/CAT/FTO/RBP4/SOD1/PRKAG2/AKT1/GATA6/TP53/COL4A2/EDN1/PPARGC1A/VDR/MMP9/ABCA1/GLUD1/SELE/PPARA/VCAM1/IFNG/CXCL8/MUC1/SGK1/LAMB2/SIRT1/GATA4/CFTR/IL4/CTNNB1/MBL2/HIF1A/FN1/TF/LPA/MMP2/FGF2/DNMT1/MNX1/SHBG/CAV1/GH1/ESR1/SLC5A1/SLC16A1/CD36/SCARB1/NFE2L2/PTGS2/XDH/MPO/MEN1/AHSG/PLA2G7/PARP1/HSPD1/MAPK8/GSK3B/EGFR/CYP3A4/MAPK1/SOX2/CASP3/MIR122/FAS/NFKB1/CTRC/F2/CAMK1D/MET/SREBF1/PRKAA2/CYP19A1/MAP2K1/PRSS1/NR3C1/TERT/MAPK14/FOS/SOCS3/APRT/NOX4/BCL2/TNFSF11/CDH1/ANGPTL3/HBB/SMAD3/CYP21A2/HSPA5/CXCL12/CD40/JUN/EP300/VTN/JAK1/GSR/AR/PKM/PPARD/PRKACA/CYP2D6/PRKAB1/PRKCA/CYP2E1/APP/SRC/CASP1/PKLR/PNLIP/HSPB1/SIRT3/NOS1/SLC2A3/CEBPA/CYP2C9/MAPK3/CYCS/CTSB/PRKAG3/ERN1/NFKBIA/OLR1/DRD2/ITGB1/PLA2G2A/IKBKB/RPS6KB1/NR1H4/TRIB3/TNFSF10/SMAD2/CPT2/ERBB2/DDIT3/CCND1/TGM2/ESRRB/ESR2/POU5F1/PECAM1/RELA/BCHE/FASN/CS/MMP1/BAX/PTHLH/PDE5A/AKR1B10/PTGDS/ACHE/RUNX1/HDAC9/TYR/CASP8/TRPV1/CXCL9/NR1H3/GBA1/GUSB/SIRT6/CXCR4/MYC/ELANE/LYZ/BRCA1/CA2/ESRRA/ADORA1/CASP9/ABCB1/CYP1A2/RB1/ALOX5/MAP2K2/PRKN/CYBB/BAG3/ABCG2/NPC1/NEU1/PCNA/CDKN1A/ATXN2/NFAT5/PROM1/MAPT/CHEK1/HBEGF/PMP22/RPS6KA3/TSHR/PTGS1/PTK2B/ATP5F1B/KCNMA1/CYP2C19/PDPK1/VDAC1/PRKAB2/FOXA1/SYK/HDAC4/COL1A1/CD86/APEX1/AKT3/AHR/CDK5/MIR24-2/RXRA/GCLC/ASAH1/IDH1/CDK2/PGR/FLT3/HDAC6/CYP1A1/RARA/PDK1/ARSA/MDM2/GSTK1/NR1I2/HDAC3/ITGB4/MAP3K5/GLI1/GLI3/RECQL/CYP1B1/CDK6/CYP11B1/XRCC3/PTH1R/DHRS11/TYMS/HES1/SIRT7/APAF1/LHX3/UCHL1/MCL1/ABCC1/VRK1/HSD3B2/CCNB1/F2R/HDAC2/BIRC5/RARB/TP63/HTT/GBA2/CASP7/TNFRSF10B/CASP12/GSK3A/CEBPB/BCL2L1/CFLAR/LYN/CDK1/PRMT1/LCK/NR1I3/PYCARD/TRA/PLK1/FBP2/NR0B1/ROCK2/THPO/ABCC2/SLC22A6/BIRC3/IRF8/NANOG/CLDN10/CSNK2B/BACE1/SMN1/HDAC1/POLI/SMN2/SERPINA7/CA4/TNFRSF9/ADH1A/P4HA2/SIRT4/VLDLR/PKD2L1/BIRC2/STK25/KIF23/RBP1/CDKN2C/TOP2A/SLC22A7/HDAC5/DAPK3/PIM1/HSD17B1/PLSCR3/ALDH4A1/CSNK1A1/RNASE3/NFKB2/CAMKK2/CXCL6/HCAR1/UTRN/SIRT5/TP53RK/ASPM/GLS2/HDAC11/P4HA1/IFNA16/CA3/IFNA14/IFNA17/RARRES1/NEU2/PSMB5/KDM4D/PIM2/MAPK6/C8G/SULT1A1
#> dilong                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           INS/IL6/PPARG/HNF4A/PDX1/INSR/TNF/ALB/IRS1/SLC2A2/VEGFA/ADIPOQ/AGT/RETN/PON1/LIPC/APOE/TGFB1/APOA1/AKT2/LMNA/SLC2A4/SOD2/NOS3/CCL2/MTHFR/GCG/LEP/CRP/APOB/KCNQ1/SERPINE1/TBC1D4/UCP2/PTPN1/IL1B/WRN/EIF2AK3/CBS/DPP4/STAT3/ICAM1/IL10/GAD2/GLA/SELP/CAT/SLC29A3/SLC2A1/FABP2/SOD1/AKT1/APOC3/TP53/EDN1/PPARGC1A/TRPC6/VDR/MMP9/GLP1R/ABCA1/GAD1/GLUD1/SELE/PPARA/VCAM1/HMOX1/IFNG/CXCL8/TGFB2/PDSS2/IGF2/MTOR/PRKCB/IGF1R/SGK1/TLR4/SIRT1/NOS2/CFTR/IL4/GGT1/HADH/LDLR/IL2/HIF1A/APOA5/PIK3CA/PIK3CG/LPA/CACNA1C/BDNF/MMP2/DNMT1/CAV1/GH1/GAPDH/SMAD4/ESR1/GPT/CXCL10/SLC16A1/ANLN/CD36/HMGCR/SCARB1/NFE2L2/PTGS2/XDH/MPO/FGF21/MEN1/CASR/ATM/AHSG/PLA2G7/PARP1/FABP4/FABP1/HSPD1/MAPK8/ACADS/ATF6/GSK3B/EGFR/CYP3A4/MAPK1/BRAF/IL1A/CASP3/FAS/NFKB1/HAMP/KNG1/GPX1/MET/ISL1/ACP1/SREBF1/XBP1/RAF1/MLXIPL/GYS1/PRKAA2/ACACA/CYP19A1/MAP2K1/TIMP1/PRSS1/NR3C1/TLR2/TERT/HPRT1/GDF15/MAPK14/APOA4/PCK1/ACACB/FOS/ANGPTL4/SOCS3/SOCS1/APRT/MTTP/BCL2/FXN/LARS2/TH/HSPA5/FFAR1/FASLG/PIK3CD/F3/SLC22A2/CD40/ADCY5/IL12B/JUN/MMP3/ADD1/VTN/JAK1/CPT1A/GSR/KRAS/TRIM32/AR/AGXT/PPARD/PRKACA/FGFR3/IGFBP7/CYP2D6/PRKAB1/PRKCA/CYP2E1/FGFR1/APP/CASP1/PKLR/NQO1/HSPB1/SIRT3/NCOA1/NOS1/CEBPA/NR0B2/CYP2C9/MAPK3/NF1/JAK2/CYCS/CYP24A1/PEX1/ERN1/PDK4/NFKBIA/ABCG1/PRKCZ/PLA2G2A/NOD2/IKBKB/RPS6KB1/NR1H4/TRIB3/DDC/ADA/CPT2/CCL3/ERBB2/ITGB3/FTH1/DDIT3/ESR2/FABP3/SOAT1/PECAM1/CDKN1B/RELA/BCHE/RHO/HSP90AA1/FASN/MTR/MMP1/KCNH2/PIK3C2A/HTR2A/BAX/F7/PTGDS/TYMP/GOT2/ACSL1/NCF1/HSPA8/ERBB4/SNAI2/CREBBP/CD14/ACHE/ALOX12/RUNX1/HDAC9/TYR/FOXM1/CASP8/TRPV1/NR1H3/GBA1/TRPV4/SIRT6/MYC/ALPL/ARG1/SDHA/DIABLO/MT2A/MMP8/HNF4G/KARS1/PRKCD/CA2/ESRRA/FDXR/ADORA1/CASP9/PINK1/CYP1A2/RB1/PDGFRB/GCH1/ITGA2B/SOX9/PCNT/ALOX5/PLEK/CYBB/GPX4/COL18A1/NOX1/TCOF1/SMARCA4/ABCG2/EGR1/CDKN1A/IL5/ATXN2/MAPT/CNR2/PMP22/SPARC/TSHR/PTGS1/FABP5/ATP5F1B/CYP2C19/ANXA2/MTRR/GTF2I/DHFR/FOXA1/SYK/HDAC4/COL1A1/APEX1/LTF/AKT3/AHR/PTK2/CYP2C8/GLUL/RXRA/CYP2J2/SERPINB2/SMPD1/GCLC/HSP90B1/IDH1/CDK2/PPM1D/GCLM/ASS1/DUSP14/SYNRG/AQP3/HDAC6/CYP1A1/DHCR7/COX10/PDSS1/AGPAT1/VARS1/RARA/PDK1/ARSA/E2F1/KLF5/GFER/PNKP/NR1I2/YARS2/PI4KA/ACAD9/HDAC3/PPIA/MAP3K5/MSH6/ROCK1/GLI3/AARS2/RECQL/PNP/MAT1A/CYP1B1/IDO1/NEXN/HADHA/SDHC/ASL/JAK3/SQSTM1/GLS/BECN1/PGK1/SHROOM3/PTH1R/SNAPIN/TRPA1/SIRT7/LAMB1/GM2A/SDC1/NAGS/UCHL1/BID/MCL1/ACSL4/VNN1/VARS2/F2R/FOSL1/AASS/ADNP/MRM2/HDAC2/TARDBP/GP6/ALPI/HTT/DRD1/GBA2/PFKFB3/GATM/CASP7/TNFRSF10B/DIO3/STAT6/SUCLG2/PAH/MCM10/GSK3A/WARS2/OPLAH/BAD/BCL2L1/CFLAR/ATF3/ZFYVE19/P3H2/ARHGDIA/CDK1/GSTA1/LCK/NR1I3/IMPDH1/SKP2/ATG5/PLK1/ARG2/EIF4EBP1/SUCNR1/SCD5/TAT/ROCK2/ALOX12B/PLA2G1B/PLA2G4A/GNMT/PIKFYVE/ABCC2/PRODH/AURKA/PPIG/ASCL2/ADK/SLC22A6/FOLH1/BIRC3/EPRS1/EHMT2/SMN1/YWHAZ/HDAC1/POLI/SMN2/SRGAP2/SERPINA7/MFN1/CA4/DYNC1H1/PLD1/ATF2/DDIT4/AK1/MKI67/CYP2B6/P4HA2/SIRT4/VLDLR/RIPK1/MAPK9/COBLL1/PUS3/ITGA6/EBP/ACAA1/BIRC2/CSPP1/SLC7A1/TXNRD1/MAFF/CAMK1/NCOR1/CRBN/SLC13A3/PSPH/ACTA2/TOP2A/RACGAP1/SLC22A7/SEPTIN9/HDAC5/NCOA2/ZFP36L1/TRIAP1/PIM1/SORT1/BBC3/SLC22A8/ADORA2B/IFT25/PPIF/SLC25A10/GRIA1/PMAIP1/HSF1/CYP2A6/TNFRSF12A/KCNK18/CYP4A11/L3MBTL1/CES1/AGFG1/NCF2/MAP3K7/MRTFA/VCAN/HCAR1/FIS1/DOT1L/CES2/ZNF200/PI4KB/GRM6/FZD1/SLC7A8/SCAF1/BTG2/SIRT5/CLCN2/CTTN/TFF3/UGCG/TPSAB1/GLS2/RB1CC1/HUWE1/HDAC11/SLC7A2/ORAI3/P4HA1/RCC1/TNS1/SLC7A5/CA3/TBC1D5/TIGAR/SLC7A11/MTDH/PI4K2B/AKAP13/GABRR1/GABRR2/KDM4D/FPGS/ITSN1/FDPS/PAFAH1B2/MPZL1/EDC3/TNFSF9/TUBB2A/DERL1/PAK2/RRP1B/GRIN1/NUP153/RIPK2/LALBA/C8G/DBNL/AZIN2/SLC13A2/TFPT/EFHD2
#> luohuazizhu INS/ACE/GCK/IL6/PPARG/NLRP3/TCF7L2/INSR/TNF/TGFBR2/ALB/IRS1/SLC2A2/AVPR2/VEGFA/AGT/ENPP1/CDKAL1/PON1/XPNPEP3/LIPC/MALAT1/APOE/TGFB1/APOA1/AKR1B1/AKT2/LMNA/SLC2A4/SOD2/MIR21/NOS3/CCL2/AGER/LEP/CRP/APOB/MTNR1B/EPO/AGTR1/CP/HHEX/MYH9/SERPINE1/TTR/UCP2/IGF1/MME/PTPN1/MIR192/IL1B/WRN/PLAGL1/EIF2AK3/CEL/CBS/DPP4/PIK3R1/STAT3/ICAM1/IL10/GLA/SELP/CAT/MIR125A/SLC29A3/PTPRN/SLC2A1/HP/CFB/NAGLU/RBP4/SOD1/PRKAG2/AKT1/CETP/APOC3/CDKN2A/GATA6/TP53/STAT1/ITGAM/EDN1/RPGRIP1L/OAS1/ITPR3/CCN2/SPINK1/SLC40A1/PPARGC1A/VDR/MMP9/ABCA1/GAD1/ALMS1/GLUD1/LEPR/SELE/PPARA/VCAM1/HMOX1/IFNG/CXCL8/PDSS2/IGFBP1/MUC1/IGF2/CFI/HGF/MTOR/TGFBR1/TNFRSF11B/IFIH1/PRKCB/IGF1R/CDKN2B/SGK1/MIR34A/TLR4/LAMB2/SIRT1/DNAJC3/GATA4/PTEN/ACE2/CDKN1C/NOS2/CFTR/IL4/CTNNB1/PCSK9/IGFBP3/LDLR/HBA1/IL2/FAN1/HIF1A/APOA5/LCAT/PIK3CA/PIK3CG/CYBA/FN1/TF/GCKR/ZMPSTE24/HLA-B/MMP2/FGF2/DNMT1/SHBG/CAV1/APOC2/SCN9A/AOC3/PLAT/BGLAP/RPPH1/GAPDH/SERPINF1/SMAD4/ESR1/PAQR9/SLC5A1/GPT/DNASE1L3/G6PC1/CXCL10/SLC16A1/ANLN/CD36/AMACR/HMGCR/GSTM1/SLC2A10/NFE2L2/SELL/FLNA/KANK4/COL3A1/MIF/ABCC6/PTGS2/XDH/MPO/CCL5/ADM/KCNJ10/MEN1/MIR27A/KANK1/IGFBP2/ATM/SPP1/AHSG/PARP1/BMP2/FABP1/SORD/CD40LG/HSPD1/ANGPTL8/MAPK8/ATF6/GSK3B/EGFR/CYP3A4/MAPK1/BRAF/SOX2/IL1A/TNFRSF1A/CASP3/MIR122/FAS/TNFRSF1B/FGA/NFKB1/CTRC/F2/HAMP/KNG1/GPX1/CAMK1D/MET/KDR/ACP1/SREBF1/XBP1/G6PD/RAF1/PLG/EGF/GYS1/CYP27B1/SLC30A10/PTPRN2/HRAS/PRKAA2/ACACA/TKT/TXNIP/CYP19A1/PDGFB/MAP2K1/MAP4K2/TIMP1/PRSS1/RARRES2/NR3C1/TLR2/TERT/HPRT1/GDF15/MAPK14/PCK1/SOD3/ALDH2/FOS/PIK3CB/ANGPTL4/SOCS3/THBS1/TSPAN8/NOX4/HSD11B1/HSPA4/MTTP/BCL2/GSTT1/TFRC/SLC41A1/TSC2/PTPN11/FGB/CDH1/BBS2/HBB/FXN/ITGA2/TFR2/SMAD3/GPX3/CYP21A2/HSPA5/EDNRB/FASLG/PEA15/CXCL12/COL2A1/SERPINC1/SH2B3/PIK3CD/F3/SLC9A1/MIR33A/CD40/IFT172/JUN/TSC1/MGAM/MMP3/CD38/SLC22A1/SI/SCNN1A/EP300/SALL1/TAP1/IL1R1/VTN/JAK1/PTCH1/CPT1A/GSR/KRAS/MIR424/AR/AGXT/HMGB1/MYO7A/PKM/BMP4/PPARD/CDKN3/PRKACA/MIRLET7B/FGFR3/CYP2D6/AIFM1/COMT/TIMM8A/IL13/PRKAB1/ABCG5/PRKCA/CYP2E1/FGFR1/APP/SRC/APOC1/CASP1/BBS4/PKLR/CREB1/NQO1/TFAM/MIR148A/TMEM67/GLO1/PNLIP/MAPK10/HSPB1/SIRT3/PTPN2/NCOA1/PDP1/SLC2A3/CDK4/CEBPA/BBS12/MITF/LDHA/NR0B2/TRMU/HSPA1B/CYP2C9/TIMP2/MAPK3/BBS5/NOTCH1/NRAS/FOXO3/JAK2/CYCS/ACTB/APOM/RHOA/JAG1/LGALS3/CYP24A1/GRB14/CTSB/PRKAG3/ERN1/FRMD3/PDK4/NFKBIA/BBS9/OLR1/GSTP1/APC/HSD17B4/CD59/SSBP1/HSPA1A/PEX6/ITGB1/PRKCZ/PLA2G2A/ANXA5/NOD2/IKBKB/RAC1/RPS6KB1/NR1H4/TRIB3/DDC/TNFSF10/ITGB2/ADA/SMAD2/CPT2/FXYD2/SLC33A1/MIR212/ERBB2/ITGB3/LIPA/DDIT3/TNFRSF10A/ABCG8/MIR19B1/PROX1/SMAD7/CCND1/TGM2/ESRRB/ESR2/PYGM/POU5F1/HPSE/UBD/PTPRC/SOAT1/PECAM1/ANPEP/CDKN1B/RELA/RMND1/HSPG2/SLC19A3/BCHE/SLC2A9/HKDC1/PLAU/MIR339/HSP90AA1/FASN/MTR/MMP1/KCNH2/PIK3C2A/BAX/PTX3/PTHLH/PDE5A/F7/SAMHD1/AKR1B10/PTGDS/BRCA2/STYX/NCF1/DCDC2/ITPR1/CLDN14/IRAK1/HSPA8/EPHX2/CREBBP/CD63/UBE2E2/ACHE/ALOX12/NRP1/KITLG/RUNX1/NTS/HDAC9/TYR/FOXM1/ALOX5AP/BMAL1/GRB10/CASP8/TRPV1/NR1H3/GBA1/GUSB/SIRT6/NDP/CXCR4/CLCN5/MYC/TTN/ALPL/STX1A/ELANE/SERPINF2/LYZ/ARG1/TMEM126A/BRCA1/KLF4/HLA-DMA/SDHA/APOH/DIABLO/GSN/S100B/ERBB3/MT2A/SP1/CLPP/BMPR1A/HNF4G/PRKCD/HBA2/CA2/ESRRA/FGFR2/FDXR/FLNB/C2CD4A/ADORA1/CASP9/ABCB1/CYP1A2/SNCA/ESPN/CX3CL1/MMP7/DUSP1/SULT1A3/IL4R/RB1/KEAP1/C1GALT1/AXL/IGFBP4/ALK/PLAUR/UBA5/MYO6/ITGA2B/CSF2/MIR362/SACS/ALOX5/PLEK/MAP2K2/MSH2/EPHB4/PRKN/CLTRN/CYBB/COL18A1/CTSD/SOS1/PLCG1/NOX1/VHL/MIR185/CD46/ABCG2/BAMBI/ATP7B/RET/PRSS2/SCN5A/TCF4/DKK1/NPC1/EGR1/ANKH/MYD88/UROD/PROC/CEP78/NEU1/TRIOBP/PCNA/PRDX1/CDKN1A/PSTPIP1/S100A4/IL5/PXDNL/ATXN2/PIK3C3/NFAT5/LBR/PROM1/NDUFS1/MAPT/THBS2/CHEK1/HBEGF/PMP22/CD34/RRM2B/TPM1/RPS6KA3/TSHR/PTGS1/VEGFB/MST1/RUNX2/EZH2/PTK2B/IRF3/IFNB1/NES/CDC42/PASK/ATP5F1B/DNMT3B/POLR1D/ATF6B/KCNMA1/DNAJB11/NT5E/CYP2C19/ANXA2/LOX/PDPK1/VDAC1/CRYM/UHRF1/TRAF6/PRKAB2/DDX52/ATF4/DHFR/FOXA1/FH/CPB2/SYK/VIM/CXCL16/HDAC4/SLC7A9/COL1A1/AUH/APEX1/C5/SNAI1/AKT3/AHR/CDK5/ZBED3/HMBS/TJP2/LRG1/PTK2/CYP2C8/SLC22A3/LGALS1/LAP3/FAT1/CD3D/MMP12/NAT2/RXRA/CYP2J2/SLC11A2/OGG1/LIF/SERPINB2/IL7/ANXA1/SMPD1/GCLC/ESM1/SYNE4/CLIP2/HSP90B1/ASAH1/IDH1/ATL1/CDK2/PGR/FLCN/RNASEH1/PPM1D/GCLM/ASS1/ANG/FLT3/CYP3A5/SCLT1/AQP3/BSG/HDAC6/ABL1/RECK/NPM1/PHGDH/TJP1/GSDME/TMEM138/CYP1A1/IL6ST/GAA/DHCR7/CKB/PIGN/PALLD/CDC14A/RNASEH2A/EPAS1/EPS8L2/DNASE1/UFM1/UFSP2/STAT5A/RARA/FIG4/IFT80/YAP1/PDK1/ARSA/GPANK1/TNFRSF11A/MDM2/CD55/CEP83/TBK1/SDC2/EFEMP1/ROBO1/MAPKBP1/GSTK1/AQP11/MMP10/ATP1A1/E2F1/ELP1/MRE11/LAMA1/CDH2/PRKD1/TRAP1/KLF5/MIRLET7E/GFER/C1GALT1C1/PNKP/NR1I2/YARS2/PI4KA/TMEM126B/AGO2/AP1S1/PAFAH1B1/SERAC1/NDUFS3/HDAC3/PIK3R2/PPIA/MAP3K5/CFL1/CPVL/RECQL4/SUOX/MSH6/MPC1/PLAG1/ERCC1/SELENOS/CHN2/FGF7/ROCK1/GLI3/PDE4C/RECQL/PNP/TCF7/KLK3/MAT1A/CYP1B1/STAT2/PSRC1/IDO1/NEXN/SASH1/GBE1/GJB1/RNF213/ETFB/SDHC/CDK6/RIGI/MAP3K1/EIF2S1/SQSTM1/MDK/MBP/CYP11B1/GLS/MAGI2/PITX2/XRCC3/BECN1/PGK1/PTH1R/FAH/CCND2/DHRS11/PKP2/TYMS/TSFM/HES1/SIRT7/ANKS4B/PROS1/ELAVL1/APAF1/DOLK/ATR/GRB2/NEDD4L/RUSF1/MRPS22/RDH12/DRD3/NAGS/UCHL1/BID/MCL1/METRNL/KDM1A/ABCC1/CABIN1/VRK1/GALNT3/VNN1/HSD3B2/CCNB1/RXRG/CHUK/CEP89/SMAD5/F2R/CRLS1/F2RL1/FOSL1/AASS/GADD45A/F10/XRCC5/SOX4/CHKA/PDGFC/ISG15/ADNP/FANCB/ARL13B/PTPN6/ACTA1/HDAC2/BIRC5/PRKDC/RARB/BCL2L11/CD24/CCR6/CCN1/TP63/IL1RL1/CADM1/SERPINA4/RUVBL1/HSP90AB1/ALPI/FOXA3/DRD4/CCNA2/COX6B1/UPK3A/HTT/XIAP/NICOL1/PFN1/EXOC4/FOXP1/ARRB1/IFNAR1/ZNRF3/ST6GAL1/CCT5/DRD1/GBA2/KLF6/ALDH3A2/TNFRSF10D/PFKFB3/GATM/CASP7/LRAT/TNFRSF10B/STAT6/VEGFD/SESN2/FASTKD2/EFNB2/CASP12/IRX3/PEG10/FBXW7/SUCLG2/PAH/MCM10/SLC26A3/GSK3A/TUBA1A/EDA2R/SNHG1/CEBPB/SLC5A5/BAK1/MCOLN1/BAD/BCL2L1/NEK1/CFLAR/ATF3/MMAB/HYLS1/LYN/ZFYVE19/BHLHE40/CTSC/CDK1/PRMT1/GSTA1/LCK/UCN/CXCR1/HNRNPA1/NR1I3/SLC25A21/IMPDH1/PYCARD/TOR2A/WEE1/TRA/SCN1A/SKP2/ATG5/PLK1/KIAA0753/ENO1/ARG2/KIF14/NHERF1/EIF4EBP1/IL11/HMGCL/TNNC1/HNRNPH1/RGS1/S100A1/C5AR1/HNRNPA2B1/FAM161A/CCR7/IQGAP1/FBP2/NR0B1/ZFP36/RBMS1/ROCK2/SP3/KIFAP3/MOCS2/PROCR/NAP1L5/PLA2G1B/GNMT/GSTO2/SMURF1/THPO/ABCC2/PTPRU/CORO2B/AURKA/SMURF2/CEP135/STC1/CCND3/TUBB1/HLTF/P4HB/STX3/SLC22A6/CALB1/KIF3A/TFB1M/ELMO2/BIRC3/CPAP/NANOG/ITGAV/ACSM3/MFSD8/CLDN10/EHMT2/MRRF/MBD2/CSNK2B/EXOC6/BACE1/SMN1/TUBB4B/PLCB1/SETD2/CCNE1/USP7/HDAC1/POLI/TNFSF4/SMN2/H3-4/NADK2/BCL2A1/SERPINA7/PREP/INTU/TCF19/FGG/MFN1/NEDD9/TNFAIP8/ALPK2/CA4/BCR/ITGA5/ELK1/MICB/BCAR1/PLD1/SETD7/TRIM21/ATF2/DDIT4/CLDN1/ATXN3/MKI67/DNAJB2/SELENBP1/PLK2/ALAS1/MYO5A/CCDC68/POLR3B/STX16/ICAM3/COL7A1/DEFA1/SIRT4/VLDLR/MAPK9/COBLL1/CD74/ITGA6/RGN/E2F3/AMPD3/MTNR1A/DYNC2I2/B3GLCT/TXNDC15/TWIST1/BIRC2/STK25/ODC1/PDCD4/CDK7/COG5/SLC3A2/TXNRD1/MAFF/TAGLN/CAMK1/SMC3/DROSHA/EGR2/EIF4A1/PREPL/CD58/GPHA2/H2AX/SLC13A3/SOCS6/VAV3/RELB/PSPH/ACTA2/DSC2/KIF23/SH3YL1/ARHGAP45/RBP1/PLS1/KAT2B/LIFR/CDKN2C/ADGRL2/TOP2A/PTBP1/LGALS3BP/GIPC1/MR1/PPP3CA/TTC39C/GUCA1B/LMBRD1/HRG/HDAC5/NCOA2/TFE3/ZFP36L1/DAPK3/PFKP/TRIAP1/PIM1/SFRP1/VASN/SAFB/ABTB3/MPC2/NDFIP2/NIN/KATNIP/MYBL2/PRKCH/RBBP6/HSD17B1/AOX1/EIF2A/ALDH4A1/SLC22A8/CSNK1A1/TLK1/TUBG1/ABCA12/NFKB2/TRAF2/BCL2L2/EPHA2/CAMKK2/ASGR1/PAK1/MIR491/NPR3/RASA1/DUSP5/PMAIP1/MAP3K14/HSF1/STIM2/TSPYL2/DUOX2/CYP2A6/TNFRSF12A/BRD2/GPRC5A/CAND1/RADX/L3MBTL1/RAB28/CEP152/ADGRG1/CCNG2/DGCR8/SEMA3G/NCF2/IFIT1/OSGEPL1/SLC12A2/GAL3ST1/PGC/SDC4/CCDC88A/MED30/SLCO1A2/CD9/ALG6/TBX3/GLMP/ERF/CES2/WNT11/FGF18/SLC20A1/PSD3/NTN4/SNHG8/SFN/UTRN/IPO8/TUBB/POU2AF1/BTG2/SIRT5/BACH1/EEF1B2/KIF2A/MLLT3/SATB2/FREM1/CTTN/LIN28B/TRIM33/ACSF2/SLC38A11/TRIM47/GPR146/MAPK8IP2/DYNLT2B/IMMP1L/RAB23/TRMT61B/ANXA3/GTF2H5/YRDC/UGCG/GCA/MTSS1/TP53RK/ASPM/PAX8/XPO1/GLS2/WWTR1/CDK9/NUP85/CDK5RAP2/ARF3/HDAC11/GPER1/PAQR3/HMMR/P4HA1/PHLDA2/MCM2/MPP7/CGNL1/S100A6/EXOC5/IFT70B/TNS1/SLC7A5/RBL1/CYGB/WNT3/FZD7/RAPSN/FCGR2B/STMN1/MRPL23/CTRL/GALNT10/TUBB2B/TENT5C/VPS54/SPTBN1/CA3/TSEN15/ZHX2/TNFRSF19/NAT8/SASS6/FOSB/HMGB2/MVP/TIGAR/RAB3B/CDH11/CEP70/IL22RA1/PRAG1/SLC7A11/TET1/ACAD11/NEU2/PSMB5/GABRR1/GABRR2/WWC1/SETMAR/KDM4D/MFSD11/ABRACL/EFCAB8/LGR4/SLC26A2/MGA/KRIT1/SLC4A7/SNTB1/ITSN1/TIA1/TTLL3/HCLS1/HNRNPDL/CLPX/ATP6V1E2/SLC44A3/ZBED5/H1-5/PSMD2/GADD45B/PHLDB1/FDPS/PAFAH1B2/JMY/EDC3/TBCK/DPH3/PSIP1/ECT2/PIM2/TUBB2A/ADH4/MAPK6/SPAG5/MTMR4/PKN3/SMOX/C4BPB/CADPS2/RIPK2/PAFAH1B3/DNAJB9/SPA17/NEDD8/CD7/CASP10/EXOC8/ENTPD5/C8G/FERMT2/S100A16/FARP1/PIP4K2A/OSBPL3/MEP1A/SULT1A1/MKNK1/SGK3
#>             Count
#> fengfang     1114
#> lingzhi       426
#> fuling        320
#> yunzhi        366
#> dilong        586
#> luohuazizhu  1353

The returned enrichResult object is compatible with all enrichplot visualization functions. Below we show a dot plot highlighting the top 15 enriched herbs:

dotplot(enrich_res, showCategory = 15)

barplot(enrich_res, showCategory = 15)

In the output, GeneRatio indicates the fraction of query genes present in each herb’s target set, p.adjust gives the Benjamini–Hochberg corrected p-value, and geneID lists the overlapping gene symbols. Herbs with lower adjusted p-values and higher gene ratios are stronger candidates for subsequent network analysis.


2.3 References

  1. Sayers EW, Bolton EE, Fine AM, et al. (2026). “Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in 2026.” Nucleic Acids Research, 54(D1), D20–D27. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaf1060.

  2. Xu S, Hu E, Cai Y, et al. (2024). “Using clusterProfiler to characterize multiomics data.” Nature Protocols. doi: 10.1038/s41596-024-01020-z.


2.4 Session information

sessionInfo()
#> R version 4.5.2 (2025-10-31)
#> Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
#> Running under: Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
#> 
#> Matrix products: default
#> BLAS:   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/libblas.so.3 
#> LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/libopenblasp-r0.3.26.so;  LAPACK version 3.12.0
#> 
#> locale:
#>  [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C              
#>  [3] LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8        LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8    
#>  [5] LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8   
#>  [7] LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                 
#>  [9] LC_ADDRESS=C               LC_TELEPHONE=C            
#> [11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C       
#> 
#> time zone: UTC
#> tzcode source: system (glibc)
#> 
#> attached base packages:
#> [1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     
#> 
#> other attached packages:
#> [1] enrichplot_1.30.5  TCMDATA_0.0.0.9000
#> 
#> loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
#>   [1] DBI_1.3.0               gson_0.1.0              rematch2_2.1.2         
#>   [4] rlang_1.1.7             magrittr_2.0.4          DOSE_4.4.0             
#>   [7] compiler_4.5.2          RSQLite_2.4.6           png_0.1-8              
#>  [10] systemfonts_1.3.2       vctrs_0.7.1             reshape2_1.4.5         
#>  [13] stringr_1.6.0           pkgconfig_2.0.3         crayon_1.5.3           
#>  [16] fastmap_1.2.0           XVector_0.50.0          labeling_0.4.3         
#>  [19] rmarkdown_2.30          purrr_1.2.1             bit_4.6.0              
#>  [22] xfun_0.56               cachem_1.1.0            aplot_0.2.9            
#>  [25] jsonlite_2.0.0          blob_1.3.0              tidydr_0.0.6           
#>  [28] tweenr_2.0.3            BiocParallel_1.44.0     cluster_2.1.8.1        
#>  [31] parallel_4.5.2          R6_2.6.1                bslib_0.10.0           
#>  [34] stringi_1.8.7           RColorBrewer_1.1-3      jquerylib_0.1.4        
#>  [37] GOSemSim_2.36.0         Rcpp_1.1.1              Seqinfo_1.0.0          
#>  [40] bookdown_0.46           knitr_1.51              ggtangle_0.1.1         
#>  [43] R.utils_2.13.0          IRanges_2.44.0          Matrix_1.7-4           
#>  [46] splines_4.5.2           igraph_2.2.2            tidyselect_1.2.1       
#>  [49] qvalue_2.42.0           rstudioapi_0.18.0       yaml_2.3.12            
#>  [52] codetools_0.2-20        lattice_0.22-7          tibble_3.3.1           
#>  [55] plyr_1.8.9              withr_3.0.2             Biobase_2.70.0         
#>  [58] treeio_1.34.0           KEGGREST_1.50.0         S7_0.2.1               
#>  [61] evaluate_1.0.5          gridGraphics_0.5-1      polyclip_1.10-7        
#>  [64] scatterpie_0.2.6        Biostrings_2.78.0       pillar_1.11.1          
#>  [67] ggtree_4.0.4            stats4_4.5.2            clusterProfiler_4.18.4 
#>  [70] ggfun_0.2.0             generics_0.1.4          paletteer_1.7.0        
#>  [73] S4Vectors_0.48.0        ggplot2_4.0.2           scales_1.4.0           
#>  [76] tidytree_0.4.7          glue_1.8.0              gdtools_0.5.0          
#>  [79] lazyeval_0.2.2          tools_4.5.2             ggnewscale_0.5.2       
#>  [82] data.table_1.18.2.1     fgsea_1.36.2            forcats_1.0.1          
#>  [85] ggiraph_0.9.6           fs_1.6.7                fastmatch_1.1-8        
#>  [88] cowplot_1.2.0           grid_4.5.2              tidyr_1.3.2            
#>  [91] ape_5.8-1               AnnotationDbi_1.72.0    nlme_3.1-168           
#>  [94] patchwork_1.3.2         ggforce_0.5.0           cli_3.6.5              
#>  [97] rappdirs_0.3.4          fontBitstreamVera_0.1.1 dplyr_1.2.0            
#> [100] gtable_0.3.6            R.methodsS3_1.8.2       yulab.utils_0.2.4      
#> [103] sass_0.4.10             digest_0.6.39           fontquiver_0.2.1       
#> [106] BiocGenerics_0.56.0     ggrepel_0.9.7           ggplotify_0.1.3        
#> [109] htmlwidgets_1.6.4       farver_2.1.2            memoise_2.0.1          
#> [112] htmltools_0.5.9         R.oo_1.27.1             lifecycle_1.0.5        
#> [115] httr_1.4.8              GO.db_3.22.0            fontLiberation_0.1.0   
#> [118] bit64_4.6.0-1           MASS_7.3-65